资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
2022年四季度人才流动报告:生产、销售类岗位招聘需求走高******
伴随疫情防控政策优化调整,2022年四季度企业复工复产逐步回归常态,人才流动也呈现触底反弹之势,58同城、赶集直招于近日发布2022年四季度人才流动报告,从城市、职位、薪资等维度剖析当前就业市场人才流动情况,以帮助招聘方把握人才流向,并助力求职者准确掌握就业需求。
北京企业招聘需求旺盛,广州平均月薪同比增长26%
根据58同城、赶集直招统计数据,2022年四季度,北京受全面复工复产驱动,企业招聘需求位列前茅。相关政策表明,中关村示范区等办公园区通过强化政策支撑、保供保畅、增资扩产等方式,全力服务企业复工复产,努力冲刺全年目标任务。在此背景下,北京企业招聘需求迅猛增长,跃升招聘需求活跃城市首位。
另外,经过一年的调整与建设,经济较发达的成都、上海、深圳、广州企业的招聘需求也在四季度大量释放,企业用人需求迎来高峰。
求职端,深圳、成都、北京、重庆、上海吸才效应显著。尤其深圳建立健全劳动者终身职业技能培训制度成果显著,在高技能人才培养培训模式下,深圳围绕先进制造业、战略性新兴产业等重点行业和“四新经济”领域,全面推进企业新型学徒制培训,组织开展公益职业技能培训,现已形成引才、育才、用才高地。
此外,东莞、青岛、苏州等新一线城市四季度求职投递量同比增长5%左右,这些城市发展势头强劲、就业机会多,同时生活压力相对较小,得到年轻求职者的高度青睐。
除政策导向外,人才流动还反映了经济发展的重心与趋势,具有竞争力的市场薪酬是企业锁定人才的“利器”。58同城、赶集直招数据显示,2022年四季度,全国招聘热门城市前十五平均月薪11619元,同比增长7.7%。其中,上海城市平均月薪水平最高,为13402元,同比增长6.6%;广州平均月薪增幅最高,同比增长26%至12952元。折射出,在冲刺业绩的四季度,全国人才市场普遍“钱景”良好,同时,提供具有竞争力的薪酬,是一线城市吸才的重要手段。
普工职位招就活跃度双高,物流专员/助理月薪同比增长8.8%
从职位上看,2022年四季度,企业招聘需求活跃度TOP15的职位分别为:普工、保安、销售代表、店员/营业员、服务员、文员、商务司机、物流专员/助理、销售经理/主管、收银员、货运司机、前台/总机/接待、保洁、厨师/厨师长、客服专员/助理。伴随制造业企业复工复产,生产、销售相关岗位招聘需求走高,尤其是普工岗位出现较大人才缺口,招聘需求相对更高。
求职端,四季度求职者关注TOP15的职位分别为:普工、货运司机、文员、商务司机、店员/营业员、服务员、保安、分拣员、收银员、送餐员、专车司机、销售代表、装卸/搬运工、快递员、前台/总机/接待。同比来看,专车司机、装卸/搬运工、送餐员等职位均有10%以上的增幅。
究其原因由于疫情防控影响,个人卫生安全意识增强,点对点出行与线上消费需求激增,跨区域运输不但恢复疫情前水平且稳中有增,带动相关司机/交通服务、物流/仓储类职位的求职需求呈现大幅增长。
在招聘活跃职位中,物流专员/助理2022年四季度平均月薪最高,且同环比增幅最大分别为9%、7%。特别是四季度各个电商平台先后推出双十一、双十二等购物节,线上购物订单激增,从而推动了物流行业用工增长,各个物流企业早在电商购物节开始前就开始了抢人大战,薪资水平更是水涨船高。
其他职类如货运司机、商务司机、厨师/厨师长平均月薪也相对较高,皆实现过万。除此之外,厨师/厨师长平均月薪同比增长显著,增幅在8%左右;保洁平均月薪近7000元,与三季度相比环比微增2%。
作为招聘行业的领导者,58同城、赶集直招依托丰富的大数据资源,按季度对人才流动趋势进行分析盘点,从城市、职位、薪资等维度予以统计对比,为求职者和招聘方提供参考借鉴。不仅如此,58同城、赶集直招还通过一系列线上招聘会和在线智能招聘工具,满足招工和求职需求,实现人岗精准匹配,为稳就业作出积极贡献。(李记)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)